IMPORTANT: This website is no longer being updated, these notes are (at least) 3 years old and may not be relevant to current specifications. They are provided to be helpful only!

Rank correlation coefficient

Posted in Maths,

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, denoted by rs is a method of calculating the correleation coefficient for a set of bivariate data by ranking that data.

The formula for the rank correlation coefficient is:

Dynamic image 0

Where d is the difference in ranks and n is the amount of pairs of data.

Example

Two student's marks on 5 tests are compared, their results are given as follows:

Test A B C D
Student A 40 45 42 49
Student B 38 33 40 32

First step is to rank the data, in this case give a rank 1 to the highest value and rank 4 to the lowest value:

Test A B C D
Student A 4 2 3 1
Student B 2 3 1 4

Now calculate the difference in ranks for each pair of data and calculate the squared difference too:

Test A B C D
Student A 4 2 3 1
Student B 2 3 1 4
d 2 -1 2 -3
d2 4 1 4 9

Calculate the sum of the differences squared:

Dynamic image 1

Plug the values into the formula:

Dynamic image 2